高纯碳酸锶清洁生产国内外研究进展   总被引：4，自引：4，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

刘建明  段东平  钟莉  韩宏亮  周娥 《盐湖研究》2013,(2):66-72

高纯碳酸锶是一种高附加价值的重要锶化合物,由于它具有独特的物理化学性能,因而被广泛应用于电子、化工、材料等领域。但高纯碳酸锶的生产仍存在环境污染严重、产品质量难以稳定控制、生产成本高等问题。综述了国内外高纯碳酸锶清洁生产工艺研究与应用进展,详细介绍了天青石碳还原法、天青石复分解法、粗碳酸锶酸溶碱析法、粗碳酸锶焙烧分解法、硝酸锶法、氯化锶法等高纯碳酸锶主要生产工艺的研究与应用进展,评述了各生产工艺产生的污染物的净化处理方法与技术改进,剖析了各工艺的优点和存在的问题。结合我国目前高纯碳酸锶的生产现状及与国外生产技术存在的差距,并对我国高纯碳酸锶生产技术的发展方向进行了展望。  相似文献   

宇宙成因核素在地质年代学研究中的新进展     

刘彧  王世杰  刘秀明 《地球科学进展》2012,27(4):386-397

根据地表暴露岩石或埋藏物中宇宙成因核素浓度可计算样品的暴露年龄或埋藏年龄,从而估算出研究区域的侵蚀速率和抬升速率等重要地质信息,该方法现已成为晚新生代地质和地貌变化研究的重要手段。概述了近5年来国内外宇宙成因核素在地质年代学研究中的最新进展,主要包括以下几个方面:①10Be研究进展,26Al/10Be双核素测年计算模型的改进和完善,以及21Ne的加入对26Al-10Be测年方法的拓展;②宇宙成因36Cl在碳酸盐岩中的研究和应用进展;③53Mn、41Ca等新核素的研究和应用;④宇宙成因核素测年技术在国内的应用进展。最后,分析了宇宙成因核素测年存在的主要问题及下一步重点研究方向。  相似文献   

“青海100万吨钾肥综合利用工程”工艺技术与安全生产分析（续完）          下载免费PDF全文

王小华  房伟青  井发启  张萍  郭勇  贾永忠 《盐湖研究》2009,17(4):69-72

青海盐湖资源丰富,从单一钾肥产品向石油天然气与盐湖化工结合的下游产品发展,生产氢氧化钾、碳酸钾、乙炔、氯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、合成氨和尿素,实现循环经济和综合利用,"青海100万吨钾肥综合利用工程",势在必行。运用安全系统工程的方法,分析了所采用的工艺技术以及生产设施设备在项目投产运行后存在的主要危险、有害因素及其产生的危险、危害后果;提出了消除、预防或减弱危险性、危害程度的对策措施,以实现项目的本质安全和安全生产。  相似文献   

Physics-based modeling of cosmogenic nuclides part II – Key aspects of in-situ cosmogenic nuclide production     

《Quaternary Geochronology》2015

Characteristics of the spallogenic component of nuclide production are investigated through the use of a physics-based model. Calculated production rates for commonly used nuclides indicate differences in scaling up to 15% at very high altitude. Angular distribution of nuclide forming particles suggests the current method of shielding correction, which is neither altitude nor latitude dependent, can be improved on. Subsurface production profiles suggest that erosion corrections should be performed with non-constant attenuation lengths. Results are parameterized for easy application.  相似文献   

“96.8”暴雨过程的尺度分离动能方程的诊断   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  

于玉斌  姚秀萍 《应用气象学报》1999,10(1):49-58

用尺度分离的动能平衡方程,对1996年8月3～5日华北地区台风暴雨过程雨区内的动能制造和转换进行诊断。结果表明:动能在暴雨发展过程逐渐减小,动能转换项也是逐渐减小的。暴雨发生前,尺度相互作用制造项GKMS起最重要的作用,大尺度动能制造项次之,中尺度动能制造项消耗少量的动能;暴雨发生时,尺度相互作用和天气尺度运动仍制造动能,只是比发生前明显减少,中尺度运动由消耗动能转变为制造动能,动能转换主要来源于低层且数值明显减少;暴雨发生后,动能制造项数值仍为正,此时天气尺度动能制造最重要,但数值比前两阶段小,动能的转换主要出现于高层。可见,此次暴雨过程总动能的制造项一直为正,主要出现于高层,只是其制造量逐渐减小;动能转换是从低层向高层进行的,水平转换项起主要作用,是一种尺度减小的动能转换过程。  相似文献   

贵州省主要粮食作物综合增产潜力   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

谷晓平  刘雪梅  武文辉  黄桔梅  李玮 《高原气象》1999,18(1):118-126

从大气作物土壤系统出发,建立了贵州省主要粮食和物综合生产潜力模式,提出了作物增产潜力指数的概念,分析了在现实条件下和未来条件下作物综合增产潜力的前景。  相似文献   

A decision support system for floating platform design     

J. Vasconcellos 《Ocean Engineering》1999,26(9):865

This paper describes a methodology developed for the preliminary design of floating production platforms. The preliminary design approach interlinks the mathematical design model with global optimization techniques. To illustrate the design procedure, the initial intermediate and final results are presented. They provide a clear understanding of the mathematical model and the decision support system. The preliminary design approach described here is based on the commercial software which is interfaced to what is called the FPS system and linked to a SEARCH package for design solutions. The paper summarizes the preliminary design approach, the mathematical model optimization and presents semisubmersible and TLP platform examples.  相似文献   

The CREp program and the ICE-D production rate calibration database: A fully parameterizable and updated online tool to compute cosmic-ray exposure ages     

《Quaternary Geochronology》2017

Over the last decades, cosmogenic exposure dating has permitted major advances in many fields of Earth surface sciences and particularly in paleoglaciology. Yet, exposure age calculation remains a complicated and dense procedure. It requires numerous choices of parameterization and the use of an accurate production rate.This study describes the CREp program (http://crep.crpg.cnrs-nancy.fr) and the ICE-D production rate online database (http://calibration.ice-d.org). This system is designed so that the CREp calculator will automatically reflect the current state of this global calibration database production rate, ICE-D. ICE-D will be regularly updated in order to incorporate new calibration data and reflect the current state of the available literature.CREp is a Octave/Matlab^© online code that computes Cosmic Ray Exposure (CRE) ages for ³He and ¹⁰Be. A stand-alone version of the CREp code is also released with the present article. Note however that only the online version is connected to the online database ICE-D. The CREp program offers the possibility to calculate ages with two scaling models: i.e. the empirical Lal-Stone time-dependent model (Balco et al., 2008; Lal, 1991; Stone, 2000) with the muon parameters of Braucher et al. (2011), and the Lifton-Sato-Dunai (LSD) theoretical model (Lifton et al., 2014). The default atmosphere model is the ERA-40 database (Uppala et al., 2005), but one may also use the standard atmosphere for comparison (N.O.A.A, 1976). To perform the time-dependent correction, users may import their own geomagnetic database for paleomagnetic corrections or opt for one of the three proposed datasets (Lifton, 2016; Lifton et al., 2014; Muscheler et al., 2005).For the important choice of the production rate, CREp is linked to a database of production rate calibration data that is part of the ICE-D (Informal Cosmogenic-nuclide Exposure-age Database) project (http://calibration.ice-d.org). This database includes published empirical calibration rate studies that are publicly available at present, comprising those of the CRONUS-Earth and CRONUS-EU projects, as well as studies from other projects. In the present study, the efficacy of the different scaling models has also been evaluated looking at the statistical dispersion of the computed Sea Level High Latitude (SLHL) production rates. Lal/Stone and LSD models have comparable efficacies, and the impact of the tested atmospheric model and the geomagnetic database is also limited.Users however have several possibilities to select the production rate: 1) using a worldwide mean value, 2) a regionally averaged value (not available in regions with no data), 3) a local unique value, which can be chosen among the existing dataset or imported by the user, or 4) any combination of multiple calibration data.If a global mean is chosen, the 1σ uncertainty arising from the production rate is about 5% for ¹⁰Be and 10% for ³He. If a regional production rate is picked, these uncertainties are potentially lower.CREp is able to calculate a large number of ages in a reasonable time (typically < 30 s for 50 samples). The user may export a summary table of the computed ages and the density probability function associated with each age (in the form of a spreadsheet).  相似文献   

波阻抗映射法外推   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

林小竹  钱绍新 《地球物理学报》1998,41(1):109-116

首先介绍了自适应滤波的方法和波阻抗映射法外推的基本原理．在小反射系数的假设条件下推导了对数波阻抗和地震道之间近似为线性映射的关系,应用自适应滤波的方法可以实现这种映射．实际资料的试算结果表明,该方法能够提供分辨率明显高于常规方法的波阻抗或层速度剖面,并与测井资料较吻合．因此,它作为测井约束反演的补充手段,是一种可用于开发地震的新方法．最后讨论了映射法波阻抗反演的局限性．  相似文献   

水泥熟料生产企业CO2直接排放核算模型的建立     

杨楠  李艳霞  赵盟  吕晨  刘中良  陈莎 《气候变化研究进展》2021,17(1):79-87

为快速掌握区域内全部水泥企业的碳排放情况,在部分企业实际生产数据未知时,也能建立其生产碳排放清单,文中基于熟料生产特征,构建了可根据设备设计产能和运行时长两种参数来核算企业CO₂排放的数值模型。以京津冀地区59条典型水泥熟料生产线的生产数据作为统计样本,借助Eviews对生产线的实际产能、熟料烧成煤耗与设计产能间的关系进行回归分析,并引入了生产时间修正系数,完成了CO₂核算模型的建立。将其应用到京津冀地区全部106条水泥熟料生产线中,得出 2018年度京津冀地区水泥熟料总产量,该核算值与数字水泥网发布的统计数据之间的相对误差均值为7.81%。通过核算,CO₂直接排放系数为0.93 t CO₂/t熟料,与国内均值相差7.27%。构建的核算模型与实际生产契合良好,更重要的是可以通过此数值模型自下而上建立区域内全部企业的CO₂排放清单,实现较高时空精度的清单网格化,并可与现有卫星遥感探测、移动监测设备所得的数据形成比对,使水泥行业的碳监测和减排政策的制定更具针对性。  相似文献